Over boeken, literaire reflecties en het web van literatuur, door Niek de Greef. Werner Herzog, Paul Theroux, V.S. Naipaul en meer. Nederlandse en Engelstalige boeken.

The Gourmet Club van Junichiro Tanizaki

The Gourmet Club van Junichiro Tanizaki boekomslag

Ik las The Gourmet Club van Junichiro Tanizaki. De meeste verhalen in deze bundel werden geschreven tussen 1911 en 1919. De verhalen doen bizar modern aan.

Het titelverhaal gaat over een groep mensen die het eten van het bijzonderste voedsel tot levensdoel hebben gemaakt. Ze vinden hun meerdere in een Chinese eetclub. De eetervaring hier wordt naar orgastische dimensies getild.

Finally the various foods collected there all at once began to roll about. The ground on which they rested suddenly thrust itself up from below—it had gone unnoticed until now because of its size, but what had seemed to be the ground was in fact a giant tongue, and all those foods were jumbled together in an immense mouth. Soon upper and lower rows of teeth began slowly to converge, like mountain ranges pushing up from the depths of the earth and downward from the sky. They started to crush the foods that rested on the tongue, and the mashed foods turned into a fluid like pus from an abscess, a kind of sludge upon the tongue’s surface. The tongue licked the four walls of the oral cavity with relish, undulating like a stingray…

Zo’n scene doet denken aan de eetscenes is Miyazaki’s Spirited Away. In de film wordt voedsel op een symbolische, barokke manier gepresenteerd. Chihiro’s ouders schransen gulzig eten naar binnen en veranderen in varkens. De bizarre vraatzuchtige eetscènes van No-Face.

In een ander verhaal leeft een man te midden van poppen. Hij heeft ze gemaakt naar het beeld van de vrouw van de verteller, een bekende actrice. De vertelling wordt steeds benauwender.

Then you’ll realize that your young and beautiful wife has fled into the film and the woman who’s there beside you now is just her shell. You’ll stare at those movies in puzzlement and think, were these films I made? Could such a radiant world have come from us, my wife and me? And in the end you’ll recognize that the films are not things you two alone created, that the dancer and the wild thing were not the products of your direction and your wife’s acting skills but had been there, living within the film, from the very beginning. They represent an ‘eternal woman,’ quite different from your wife. Your wife became the vehicle for her—that’s all—the image of that feminine spirit for a while. You both are just making a living out of her, the eternal woman. I’m sure you’ll come to realize that . . .

Tenslotte dit stukje uit een meer recent verhaal van Tanizaki, Manganese Dioxide Dreams, een fenomenaal hallucinatoir verhaal. De hoofdpersoon, onder invloed van slaappillen, bestudeert met grote associatieve kracht hetgeen we liever niet bestuderen.

The feces floating in this crimson solution are not at all repulsive. At times a fecal lump will suggest the shape of something else, such as a human face. Tonight one looks like Simone Signoret’s diabolical face, glaring at me from the red liquid. I study it, reluctant to flush the water away . . . Like fluid clay, it contorts and twists and congeals again, now into the form of a sculpted, Grecian torso.

Honjok: de Koreaanse trend van alleen leven en gelukkig zijn

Ik lees in “Een jaar vrij” van Karine Hoenderdos over honjok, een term die ik nog niet kende. Honjok is een term overgenomen uit Zuid-Korea en heeft betrekking op mensen die ervoor kiezen activiteiten alleen te ondernemen. Mensen die de behoefte hebben zich los te maken van de maatschappij en haar druk om in het gareel te lopen.

"Een jaar vrij" van Karien Hoenderdos  - boekomslag

De maatschappelijke acceptatie van honjok is veranderd. Waar het vermijden van sociaal contact eerder werd gezien als onacceptabel en ondermijnend voor de maatschappij, ontstaat er nu meer acceptatie. De behoefte aan autonomie, om dieper met zichzelf verbonden te zijn en het leven volgens eigen waarden te leiden, wordt meer en meer erkend.

De groep wordt ontdekt als een ‘markt’ voor nieuwe producten: ander media-aanbod, eenpersoonsrestaurants, en een aanbod van voedsel gericht op eenpersoonshuishoudens – een solo-economie.

Ik moet hierbij denken aan de boeken van de Japanse schrijvers Mieko Kawakami en Sayaka Murata waarover ik eerder schreef. In hun werk worden de donkere kanten van de Japanse maatschappij weergegeven bij mensen die kiezen ervoor om zich afzijdig van de maatschappij te houden — ‘de fabriek’, zoals het in Earthlings van Murata genoemd wordt. Misschien is de Japanse maatschappij nog niet zo ver als de Zuid-Koreaanse.

Ook bij ons zien we een toename van alleenstaanden en mensen die bewust kiezen voor soloactiviteiten. Dit wordt deels gedreven door een dieper geworteld individualisme in de westerse cultuur.
Maar er lijkt ook een verschil te zijn. Waar honjok een reactie is op maatschappelijke druk van ‘de fabriek’, lijkt het in het Westen iets te zijn uit de ‘wellness’-cultuur, bijvoorbeeld hier in Happinez en hier in Flow. Zo wordt honjok een statussymbool van onafhankelijkheid.

Zoals Klinenenberg het zegt in dit artikel in Time uit 2012 :

Today, in our age of digital media and ever expanding social networks, living alone can offer even greater benefits: the time and space for restorative solitude.
This means that living alone can help us discover who we are as well as what gives us meaning and purpose. Paradoxically, living alone might be exactly what we need to reconnect.

The Future of Truth — Werner Herzog on ecstatic truth, AI and Potemkin villages

Werner Herzog in actie op de set van famili romance

Werner Herzog wrote a book about the nature of truth titled “The Future of Truth” (De Toekomst van de Waarheid). A concept much abused these days.

De toekomst van de waarheid boekomslag

To Werner Herzog, truth is a search, a quest, almost one that distinguishes us from the other, more or less intelligent animals. In this concise yet idea-packed book, he examines the truth from several interesting angles, including political, artistic, historical, and scientific perspectives. He interweaves interesting stories in his arguments, like an artist should.

He looks at people who are considered larger-than-life. Contrary to popular belief, self-proclaimed genius (my words) Elon Musk did not invent the electric car. He didn’t found Tesla. He bought that one. And he bought Twitter. With that truth, he aims to facilitate the spreading of lies. (He did found SpaceX, though.)

The word for truth in Ancient Greek is aletheia, the negation of lethe, meaning forgetfulness or oblivion. Alatheia is that which reveals what was hidden. Alatheia is like a film and photography on celluloid. There is something on it, but it has to be revealed and developed.

Art creates a truth, according to Herzog. In opera, music transforms almost the craziest, unthinkable stories into wondrous truths. (Herzog directed several operas.)

Herzog’s film Family Romance tells the story of how, in Japan, actors are hired to replace a father or husband in their real life. Actors stand in for the father of a girl, the broom for a marriage, and an employee receiving a scrubbing. After the movie was released, Japanese broadcaster NHK produced a documentary about the company that hires out these actors, referred to in Herzog’s movie as Family Romance, and about the people who hire its actors. A bizarre double world emerges in this documentary. A client of the ‘Family Romance’ service was interviewed and questioned about why he wanted the actor to take his place in real life. After the documentary was finished, NHK discovered that the client they had interviewed was also an actor who had been hired to replace the original client. The argument was that the actor could portray the client more effectively than the client himself. Because the actor can speak the absolute truth, and the real person could do nothing but lie. Still with me?

In another movie of his, Herzog plays a priest. He meets a stranger and records a confession from this stranger for the film. During the act, he fabricates several facts as a priest, which the confessor greedily accepts, and the confession is more honest and well-meant than it could ever have been in real life. Making the fake confession more truthful than a real one.

Another story unfolds in Russia during the time of Czarina Catherine II. Potemkin villages were villages created as fronts, much like movie sets, to give the Russian czarina the impression of a prosperous country. A staged world similar to the North Korean Peace Village. Or the Truman Show.

In his films, Herzog attributes celebrity quotes that could have been said, but which he fabricated. He believes that this made-up truth is also a truth: an ecstatic, more profound truth.

Another bizarre story is that of a man on death row who continued to believe in his self-made innocence to the end, even though he was guilty, believing his concoctions til the end. This story reminded me of the song “The Mersey Seat” by Nick Cave & The Bad Seeds. In this unsettling song, a condemned man continues to believe in his innocence until just before his execution, but the truth catches up with him.

And in a way I’m yearning
To be done with all this measuring of proof
Of an eye for an eye
And a tooth for a tooth
And anyway I told the truth
And I’m afraid I told a lie

The Electrician, AI photo by Boris Eldagsen
The Electrician, by
Boris Eldagsen

Of course, AI is impossible to ignore, and Herzog explores the fake images it can generate, such as the AI-created photograph that was awarded the top prize at the Sony Photo Awards.

Herzog discusses how we can protect ourselves from being deceived by fakes. He recommends always approaching information with skepticism—assuming it might be false—and diligently verifying the truth behind any claim. He emphasizes that any request to transfer money should be treated as a red flag. In his view, the digital world is inherently unreliable.

According to Herzog, what helps us navigate this uncertainty are three key practices:

  • Education
  • Reading extensively
  • Walking regularly, with minimal distractions or baggage

In the final chapter, Herzog admits that there is no definitive “future of truth.” Instead, the search for truth remains an essential, existential pursuit.

I read the book in its Dutch translation. When I wanted to buy it for a friend in the US, I discovered—somewhat surprisingly—that the English translation is not yet available. It is scheduled for release in September 2025.

Read more of my posts on books.

The Real Work: Why Finishing is the Only Thing That Matters

Most of these self-help books are okay-ish. Yet many are superfluous encouragements.

We all know what is essential. Self-help feels like procrastination. We often read these books to avoid doing the real things.

However, explaining to people how to do difficult things is easier than doing the difficult stuff themselves.

Teaching people how to make their art is easier than the work of making art itself.

And to finish it.

Derek Sivers in How To Live:

Calling yourself creative doesn’t make it true. All that matters is what you’ve launched. Make finishing your top priority.

Seth Godin: Ship It!

people waving goodbye to a ship

Portland, no coincidences

Uitzicht vanaf Steel Bridge Portland
Steel Bridge Portland

I went to this conference in Portland, Oregon. I had never been to Portland.

Steel Bridge Portland

The most impressive thing about Portland during this short visit, I found, is its Steel Bridge (A rabbit hole on itself. By the looks of it, you would suppose it is a relic from an industrial past, but actually it is still in use. It has its own Wikipedia page). The Japanese Gardens of Portland seem great, but I did not have enough time to visit them. And not giving it priority, having seen the real thing in Japan itself.

The Butterfly Lampshade boek cover Aimee Bender

The Butterfly Lampshade

On the plane back home, I finished reading my book (The Invisible Gorillaby Christopher Chabris and Daniel Simons) and randomly took the next book from the stack on my e-reader: Aimee Bender’s The Butterfly Lampshade.

A girl with a mentally ill mother gets to live with her aunt and uncle… In Portland. When she visits them, she takes that same Red Line from the airport to the City Center to her aunt’s house, as I had been on that week.

Literary coincidence

There is no coincidence.

The book starts with a brilliant and moving phone conversation between the mother, the aunt, and the little girl. Het verhaal speelt in Portland…

The Invisible Gorilla boek cover Chabris Simons
View from the Portland Steel Bridge

Find more of my travel and book talk articles.